It is characteristic of the Interactive mode of documentary as defined by Bill Nichols to have the filmmaker(s) present on screen, often serving as the center of the film's action. As opposed to the presumption of detachment and objectivity associated with the observational mode, in Interactive documentaries, the action is thought to be catalyzed by the presence of the filmmakers. Often the filmmaker will speak to the audience using direct or indirect address. Some typical examples of Interactive documentary cinema may be found in the work of Michael Moore. In this opening sequence of his 1998 film The Big One, Moore uses a full range of cinematic techniques (archival clips, music, humor, performance, etc.) to introduce himself and his crew in the course of articulating the subject of the film.